Who's powering them

A data center can use as much electricity as a small city. Someone has to build the power plants, substations and transmission lines to serve it — and decide who pays.

Why this matters for ratepayers

When a utility signs up a huge new customer, it may need new generation and grid upgrades. State regulators decide how those costs are split between the data center and everyone else. Some deals include special large-load tariffs, minimum-payment terms or collateral meant to protect other customers if the load never shows up; others are still being reviewed. Below we list the deals we track and the approvals each needs — so you can see what's been decided, what's pending, and where to look for public comment opportunities. We don't assume any particular deal raises or lowers bills; where that's disputed, we link the filings and reporting.